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[PDF: Members Only] J.Jpn. Surg. Soc.. 122(5): 484-492, 2021
Feature topic
PROGRESS IN DIAGNOSTIC TECHNOLOGY FOR AORTIC VALVE DISEASE
Aortic valvular stenosis (AS) is now a pandemic. Echocardiography allows quantitative diagnosis of AS. Indications for aortic valve replacement or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are evaluated based on a combination of clinical signs/symptoms and echocardiographic findings according to the treatment guidelines. In patients for whom TAVI is planned, contrast-enhanced 3D computed tomography (CT) is essential. It allows 3D evaluation of aortic valve anatomy/calcification, aortic root complex, coronary anatomy, and left ventricular outflow structure. 3D CT imaging allows preoperative planning of TAVI as well as intraoperative navigation by superimposing preoperative CT images and intraoperative fluoroscopic images. Postoperative CT is useful to diagnose thrombotic aortic valve. The number of patients with paradoxical low-flow, low pressure-gradient AS is rapidly increasing. These patients’ stenotic aortic valves may represent a “pseudo-severe” physiological type, which requires wide application of exercise-stress echocardiography.
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