J.Jpn. Surg. Soc.. 120(5): 526-533, 2019

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Feature topic

SURGICAL OFF-THE-JOB TRAINING USING EXTENDED REALITY AND 3D PRINTED ORGAN MODELING

In the field of training surgeons, On-the-job training (On-JT) has priority in clinical work, and its effect is limited. Expectations of Off-the-job training (Off-JT) are currently increasing. Off-JT uses case studies and simulators with patient-specific data, 3D digital data, 3D organ models, and the surgeon’s motion-capture data. In addition, virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), and mixed reality (MR) with patient-specific organ models are also used for Off-JT. Together, these are referred to as “extended reality (XR).” Off-JT utilizing VR between distant places is effective because it gives a sense of presence. In the future, devices, software, web apps, and clouds will become more sophisticated, and it appears that they will become less expensive soon. It is predicted that the formalization and stylization of surgical procedures will become common with the use of artificial intelligence. Future generations of surgeons should streamline surgical procedures. They should respect traditional analogue thinking while simultaneously adopting digital technologies that can be replaced after objective and fair evaluations of their utility.

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