J.Jpn. Surg. Soc.. 60(4): 553-598, 1959

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DISTRIBUTION OF THE PARIETAL CELLS OF THE STOMACH IN CHRONIC GASTRITIS

The distribution of the parietal cells of 36 cases of chronic gastritis was studied using Berger's method. At the same time comparisons were made to ten case of gastric ulcers, ten cases of duodenal uIcers and ten cancers together with total gastric resections of five dogs.
1. The distribution of the parietal cells of total gastrectomized dogs were found striated, centering around the gastric basal cells in the greater culvature.
2. The parietal cell dtstribution in resected duodenal ulcers was similar to that of dogs.
3. The parietal cell distribution in gastric ulcers was found to be Iess densely centered around the ulcer.
4. The parietal cell distribution in the gastric cancer was irregular and a definite decrease of the cells was seen.
5. The distribution of the parietal cells in chronic gastritis was characteristic and a progressive atrophy in the gastric basal cells and a decrease in density and area involved corresponding to the changes was observed.
The places where the density of the parietal cells decreased were found in patches. The areas of the parietal cells being wider along the greater curvature and narrow along the smaller curvature becoming wider as it nears the pylorus. The histological findings of the area involving the basal cells were divided into 4 forms and the forms of the parietal cell was studied.
1) Type A consisted of well presevred basal cells and the density of the parietal cells was increased in a great many places.
2) Type B consisted of mild cases where the basal cells were atophied with slight inflammation and the parietal cell distribution was striated.
3) Type C consisted of progressive atrophy and acute inflammation. Dense patches were seen of the parietal cells within the acute inflammation.
4) Type D consisted mainly of atrophic changes and the density less in the parietal cells. This tendency was more severe than that observed in cases of anaplasia of the intestinal epithelium.
The density of the parietal cells decreased and areas of atrophy was seen with the increase of age. When there was acute inflammation a corelation between the acidity of the gastric juice and the density of the parital cell density was found. It is believed that hyperacidity occuring in acut inflammation occurs as a result of a subsequent out burst or a schub but this is a problem still under consideration.
(author's abstract)

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