J.Jpn. Surg. Soc.. 55(12): 1201-1210, 1955

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Original article

STUDY ON THE ETIOLOGY OF THE BANTI'S DISEASE

The author could produce splenomegaly in rabbits by daily intravenous injection of water extract of the Banti's disease spleen and purified albumin, and by paranasal sinus sensitization with egg white.
Thus, producing the experimental splenomegaly, the author has studied on change in portal pressure and a relation between the portal pressure and pathological changes in the Iiver and spleen.
The result of the study is summarized below.
A) Formation of antibody
Remarkable formation of antibody was noticed in all cases except two. This fact suggests that the antigen-antibody reaction due to foreign protein is playing a main role in producing the pathological changes stated below.
B) Appearance of splenomegaly
In all cases which had the injection of the antigen, splenomegaly appeared mostly during from 50th to 150th day after injection. The largest one reached 13.2 g in tis weight.
C) Change in the portal pressure
In 43 cases which was over 50 days the pressure was high in 24 cases. The pressure is regarded high when it is over 175 mmH₂O.
D) Histological changes of various degree were found in the livers of 23 cases which had portal hypertension.
Having studied these changes, the author has divided them into five groups.
(1) Atrophic pseud liver cirrhosis (3 cases)
(2) Thickening and lengthening of the Glisson's sheath (4 cases)
(3) Slight degree of thickening and lengthening of the Glisson's sheath (5 cases)
(4) Infiltration by the plasma cell (1 cases)
(5) Non-recognizable change (10 cases)
E) When the portal pressure and histological changes in the liver and spleen are taken into account the whole change may be classified into 4 types.
(1) Banti type (portal hypertension, atrophic pseud liver cirrhosis, splenomegaly, fibroadeny of the spleen)
(2) Liver cirrhosis, splenomegaly and hypochromic anemia, without fibroadeny
(3) Transitional type with portal hypertension but uncertain whether this belong to above mentioned two group or to Type 4.
(4) Without portal hypertension
F) Result of the sensitization on the phlebectomized spleen
In the non-sensitized group remarkable congestion and atrophy of the spleen were recognized, while in the sensitized group the spleen was swollen and more significant changes took place in the spleen than in the liver. (author's abstract)

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