1) Department of gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
2) Committee on Gender Equality, Japan Surgical Society
3) Center of Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Sachiyo Nomura¹⁾²⁾, Yasuko Tomizawa²⁾, Hiroshi Ohtsu³⁾, Tomoko Ogawa²⁾, Ikuko Shibazaki²⁾, Mitsuo Shimada²⁾, Emiko Takeshita²⁾, Kazuhiro Hanasaki²⁾, Tomoko Hanashi²⁾, Hiroko Yamashita²⁾, Sadako Akashi²⁾, Hideko Yamauchi²⁾, Hirotaka Iwase²⁾, Tomoaki Taguchi²⁾, Koutarou Maeda²⁾, Seigo Nakamura²⁾